Difference between revisions of "Kyanite"
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− | [[Image:Kyanite.gif|left|thumb|250px|Faceted Kyanite <br /> Photo courtesy of The Gem Trader]] | + | [[Image:Kyanite.gif|left|thumb|250px|Faceted Kyanite <br /> Photo courtesy of The Gem Trader]] <br clear="left" /> |
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+ | Kyanite is an aluminiumsilicate with the chemical formula Al<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>5</sub>. Its name derives from the Greek word "kyanos" wich means blue. <br /> | ||
+ | The colour is blue to colourless, blue-green and brown with vitreous lustre. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Kyanite together with andalusite and silimanite, all gemstones, belongs to the same polymorphic family. All are isolated tetrahedral silicates and have the same chemical formula but have distinctly different structures. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Kyanite is a metamorphic mineral that occours in schists, gneisses and granite pegamatites. Associated minerals are quartz, feldspar, mica, garnet, corundum and staurolite. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Kyanite occurs as bladed and tabular triclinic crystals. Lamellar twinning is common. It has two cleavage directions, one perfect and the other one good-uneven. It has directional hardness with 5,5 in the direction of the c-axis and 7 in right angles to the c-axis. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Localities: Brazil, Kenya, Mocambique, Norway, Myanmar, Austria, Switzerland etc. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==Diagnostics== | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===Diaphaneity=== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Transparent-translucent. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===Color=== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Blue to colourless, blue-green and brown. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===Hardness=== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Kyanite has directional hardness with 5,5 in the direction of the c-axis and 7 in right angles to the c-axis. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===Streak=== | ||
+ | |||
+ | White. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===Pleochroism=== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Strong colourless, blue, darkblue. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===Luminescence=== | ||
+ | |||
+ | LW-UV: Weak red. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===Spectroscope=== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Absorptionspectra: (706), (689), (671), (652), 446, 443. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==Sources== | ||
+ | |||
+ | * ''Gems sixth edition'' (2006) - Michael O'Donoghue ISBN 0750658568 | ||
+ | * ''Gemstones of the world 13th edition'' (2006) - Walter Schuman | ||
+ | * ''Mineralogy second edition'' (2002) - Dexter Perkins ISBN 0130620998 |
Revision as of 04:44, 28 May 2007
Kyanite | |
---|---|
Chemical composition | Aluminum Silicate Al2Si05 |
Crystal system | Triclinic |
Habit | Elongated bladed or columnar. |
Cleavage | Perfect and good/uneven |
Fracture | Uneven |
Hardness | 4 - 7.5 |
Optic nature | Biaxial - |
Refractive index | 1.710- 1.734 |
Birefringence | 0.017 |
Dispersion | 0.020 |
Specific gravity | 3.65 - 3.68 |
Lustre | Vitreous |
Pleochroism | Moderate to Strong, Trichroic |
Kyanite is an aluminiumsilicate with the chemical formula Al2SiO5. Its name derives from the Greek word "kyanos" wich means blue.
The colour is blue to colourless, blue-green and brown with vitreous lustre.
Kyanite together with andalusite and silimanite, all gemstones, belongs to the same polymorphic family. All are isolated tetrahedral silicates and have the same chemical formula but have distinctly different structures.
Kyanite is a metamorphic mineral that occours in schists, gneisses and granite pegamatites. Associated minerals are quartz, feldspar, mica, garnet, corundum and staurolite.
Kyanite occurs as bladed and tabular triclinic crystals. Lamellar twinning is common. It has two cleavage directions, one perfect and the other one good-uneven. It has directional hardness with 5,5 in the direction of the c-axis and 7 in right angles to the c-axis.
Localities: Brazil, Kenya, Mocambique, Norway, Myanmar, Austria, Switzerland etc.
Contents
Diagnostics
Diaphaneity
Transparent-translucent.
Color
Blue to colourless, blue-green and brown.
Hardness
Kyanite has directional hardness with 5,5 in the direction of the c-axis and 7 in right angles to the c-axis.
Streak
White.
Pleochroism
Strong colourless, blue, darkblue.
Luminescence
LW-UV: Weak red.
Spectroscope
Absorptionspectra: (706), (689), (671), (652), 446, 443.
Sources
- Gems sixth edition (2006) - Michael O'Donoghue ISBN 0750658568
- Gemstones of the world 13th edition (2006) - Walter Schuman
- Mineralogy second edition (2002) - Dexter Perkins ISBN 0130620998